Greenwashing - Don't Be Fooled by False Labelling Claims

Green is the New Blacka product is 99% organic when in fact this is a
Walk down the personal care isle of the supermarketmisleading claim. Water does not contribute to the
isles and you might see 3 or 4 hair products withorganic status of a skin care product and so should
"organic" or "natural" ingredients or branded with annot be included in the percentage claim. If a product
organic sounding name. Take a closer look at the labelclaims to be organic, as opposed to certified organic,
and you will soon realize that underneath the feel goodask the supplier or manufacture what this means.
name these products are still made of syntheticGreen marketing is a powerful tool of communication
cleansers, include artificial fragrances and are chock fullfor both buyers and sellers. More and more
of preservatives. True to label claim there may beconsumers expect to see evidence of a commitment
½ a percent of an organic essential oil or herbalto the environment from manufacturers and the green
extract but is this what we really expect asdollar spend is increasing as a result. If a product isn't
consumers when we read "organic" or "natural" on thegreen, natural or organic, that's ok but truth in
label of a product? Practices such as these areadvertising is fundamental to the ongoing growth of the
known as greenwashing. To be more specific, when agreen industry. Without it, consumer cynicism and
company or organization misleads consumers byapathy creep in and we will lose the potential for not
claiming have green practices or sell green productsjust greener products but also a greener earth.
without actually having any or limited basis for thisGreen isn't the only colour that suffers mistreatment at
claim, this is known as greenwashing.the hands of marketing companies. The list of pink
From a consumer perspective, green is the new black.ribbon products promoting Breast Cancer Awareness
Companies are jumping on the green bandwagon in angrows every year including skin care, teddy bears,
effort to appear more ecologically sound and in manyhousehold appliances and the list goes on, with many
instances, those behind the marketing claims really arecompanies pinning on the pink ribbon in an attempt to
making an effort to minimize their impact on theraise their profile by associating with a good cause.
environment. However, in other cases, it is all just aHowever, the Breast Cancer Action group urges
marketing ploy to get consumers on side. In skincare,people to "think before they pink". This group asks
the issue becomes even more blurred and there areconsumers to ask critical questions before buying on
many companies taking advantage of an industry-widethe basis of pink ribbon status.
lack of clarity. In the skincare industry GreenwashingThe first question is how much money from the
can occur in a number of different ways.purchase actually goes towards breast cancer? If the
1. Using a single environmental claim suggesting that theamount is minimal, and you are really concerned about
product is greener than it actually is eg. A shampoobreast cancer, ask yourself if you would be better off
that claims to contain no Sodium Laurel Sulphate (SLS)actually donating money directly to your local or
but uses alternative foaming agents such asnational breast cancer group.
Ammonium Laurel Sulphate, which have the sameIs there a maximum amount that the company will
risks associated with their use.actually donate? Presumably buying pink ribbon goods
2. Having no proof - for example personal careafter this amount has been reached will not be
products that claim to that they are "fair trade" withoutdonated and so you may actually not be supporting
any certification or evidence. Whiel the certificatiobreast cancer after all.
nmay not necessarily be on the lable, upon requestWhich breast cancer organisation does the money go
from the manufacturer or supplier you should receiveto and is it one that you support yourself? If not, again
evidence of fair trade status.perhaps a direct donation is preferable. If you want to
3. Lack of definition - using terms such as "green" orensure that the money you give is reaching the people
"natural" without actually outlining what that means.who need it the most, take a moment to find out
Australia has no set guidelines here, so there is alot ofwhere the money actually goes and if the organisation
confusion as to what is considered "natural skin care".is actually already well funded or not.
Again if in doubt, ask the manufacturer or supplierFinally, can the company assure you that the pink
what their guidelines are for making a "natural" labelribbon product being promoting is not actually
claim.contributing to the breast cancer epidemic. With skin
4. Make "green" claims that are irrelevant. The claimcare this is a critical consideration as there is growing
might be truthful, but is also unimportant, eg CFC-freeresearch that some of the chemical ingredients
shaving creams. Given that the use of CFCincluded in products may actually increase the risk of
(cholorflurocarbons) has been banned for some time,developing cancer. Some examples include parabens
this claims is considered irrelevant.and phthalates which recent studies indicate may be
5. Outright fibbing about a "green" claim, eg. A productlinked to cancer development. Others include
that claims to be "certified organic" when there is noformaldehyde, coal tar and talc. It is not enough for
such certification. In many cases the claim isn't socosmetic companies to claim that they won't be
blatant. eg. A certain well known company offers 'aabsorbed because we know that they are with recent
truly organic experience', but also uses SLS, propyleneresearch showing evidence of parabens in human
glycol and D&C red dyes in their products, whichbreast cancer tissue (Darbre et al. 2004).
are not organic. This in not to say that the productArguments stating that the quantities of harmful
doesn't include some organic ingredients but to thechemicals found in skin care are so small they won't
consumer, the assumption is that the product is trulyhave an effect do not wash either. In groups such as
organic.children and developing teens, even miniscule quantities
As a consumer how do work your way through themay have serious consequences. In addition, most
fog of marketing greenwash? Firstly, read the labelswomen use numerous personal care items every day
and full ingredient listing of the products you choose tomaking adding to the accumulation of chemicals building
determine the products full worth. If you are unsureup in our bodies.
about an ingredient, ask the supplier or seller. Once youThe above gives serious pause for thought about
know you can make an informed choice about thechoosing to buy some "pink ribbon" products
products you use.particularly in the case of skin care, where the risk is
Secondly look for evidence of certification. In Australia,not just that money may be misdirected but rather that
unlike "natural" status we have strict guidelines aboutthe product itself may be the problem.
"organic" status. If a product claims to be "certifiedGreen and pinkwashing are issues we now commonly
organic" ensure the appropriate certification logo is onface as consumers however, a little curiosity and
the label eg products bearing the logos of Australiansome well asked questions will help you to work your
Certified Organic (ACO) or the The Nationalway through the marketing maze. Some other useful
Association for Sustainable Agriculture of Australiaresources include:safecosmetics.org
(NASAA).References:
Many skin care manufacturers claim that a product is1. Darbre, P. D., Aljarrah, A., Miller, W. R., Coldham, N. G.,
organic or natural without certification but you want toSauer, M. J., and Pope, G. S., "Concentrations of
know that the claim is made with integrity. Forparabens in human breast tumors," Journal of Applied
example, a manufacturer including water when claimingToxicology, Jan 2004: (24): 5-13.